japanese cornel dogwood

Source Data

Deciduous tree 5-6 m high or multi-stemmed shrub 3-4 m high. The root system is fibrous, mostly at a depth of 40 cm.

Branches are horizontally spread, with blackish bark. The leaves are opposite, simple, 3.5—8 cm long, oval, shiny, bright green, with three to five pairs of veins.

The flowers are small, Golden-yellow, bisexual, collected in umbrella inflorescences; in the umbrella 15-25 flowers. Flower regular, bisexual; calyx barely visible about four teeth, the Corolla yellow with four petals, four stamens, bilocular ovary inferior, style simple at the base developed fleshy disk[4]. Blooms until the leaves open in April at a temperature of 8-12 °C, flowering is extended for 10-14 days.

The fruit is a juicy drupe, the stone is elongated-oval. Dogwood fruits have different shapes and sizes. They are short-and long-oval, spherical and pear-shaped. The surface of the fruit is smooth, bumpy, slightly bumpy; the color is light red, red, dark red, dark purple and almost black. The average fruit weight is 2-6 g. The weight of 100 fruits together with the seeds varies depending on their size and shape — from 190 to 400 g. The weight of the pulp from the weight of the fruit is from 68 to 88 %. The fruit ripens in late August and September.

Instructions

1. Growing japanese cornel dogwood (Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc) from seed is a rewarding process. Follow these guidelines for best results.
2. Seed Preparation: Soak seeds in warm water for 12–24 hours before sowing to soften the seed coat. Discard any floating seeds as they are likely non-viable.
3. Sowing: Sow seeds 0.5–1 cm deep in well-draining seed compost. Water gently and keep consistently moist but not waterlogged. Place in a bright location at 18–22°C.
4. Germination: Seeds typically germinate in 2–8 weeks. Keep soil consistently moist during germination. Once seedlings emerge, gradually increase ventilation.
5. Transplanting: Transplant seedlings into individual pots once they have 2–3 pairs of true leaves. Harden off gradually over 7–10 days before planting in final position. Space according to the mature size of the species.
6. Aftercare: Water regularly during the first growing season. Apply a balanced fertilizer in spring. Mulch annually to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Prune as needed to maintain shape.
7. Hardiness: Hardiness varies by species and growing conditions. Young plants may need protection from extreme temperatures. Acclimatize gradually to outdoor conditions.

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